The mining business is changing rapidly and is experiencing discontinuities. The central role mining and minerals will play in the energy transition means the mining industry will supersede the carbon based businesses. At the same time the explosive demand for minerals suggests the industry will need to develop new resources in strategic locations. On a shorter term global geopolitical uncertainty resulting in spikes and dips of commodity prices may be the new normal. Except for copper and nickel most of the commodities needed for the energy transition may require smaller companies and centralized processing facilities. Government stockpiles may also come back into play. These changes may allow for smaller companies to explore for different commodities in areas that have been explored for other metals. Are the previously thought "played out areas" territories for new discoveries? How might companies and the industry be structured to take advantage, and keep up with, these changes?